1998-1999 Tornadoes and a Long-Term U.S. Tornado Climatology
List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes (Wiki)
F5 and EF5 Tornadoes of the United States
The List of the Strongest Tornadoes Ever Recorded
F5 Tornadoes: The Chronology – Part I
Before 1900
List of F5 and EF5 tornadoes (Wiki)
F5 and EF5 Tornadoes of the United States
The List of the Strongest Tornadoes Ever Recorded
F5 Tornadoes: The Chronology – Part I
Before 1900
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Official T11
Year
1764
1764
Day
June 29
Areas affected
Germany
Woldegk
Highest winds
Fatalities
1
Damage
?
Injuries
?
Duration
?
CAPE
?
SRH
?
Path length
?
Max width
?
Notes
This tornado was among the strongest ever recorded with damage assessed at the highest level of the TORRO scale (T11).
The rating was assigned based on several surveys by German scientist Gottlob Burchard Genzmer.
The rating was assigned based on several surveys by German scientist Gottlob Burchard Genzmer.
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Official T10
Year
1800
1800
Day
April 23
Areas affected
Germany
Hainichen
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
0
Damage
?
Injuries
?
Duration
?
CAPE
?
SRH
?
Path length
?
Max width
?
Notes
Homes were completely destroyed
and large swaths of forest were leveled with trees debarked.
and large swaths of forest were leveled with trees debarked.
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Official T10-T11
 |
| Artist's impression of the Montville tornado (Chris Chatfield). |
Year
1845
1845
Day
August 19
Areas affected
France
Seine-Maritime
Montville
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
Damage
?
Notes
This tornado was rated T10/11.
Several large, stone-built mills were leveled and partly swept clean.
One of the mills was a four-story structure that likely collapsed.
Debris was carried 25 mi (40 km).
Injuries
Path length
Notes
This tornado was rated T10/11.
Several large, stone-built mills were leveled and partly swept clean.
One of the mills was a four-story structure that likely collapsed.
Debris was carried 25 mi (40 km).
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1880
1880
Day
April 24
Areas affected
USA
Illinois
W of Palmer - Langleyville, - NE of Taylorville & West Prairie, Christian County
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
6
Notes
Many "well built" homes were leveled and farms vanished.
Its victims (both people and cattle) were reportedly carried up to half a mile.
This is the earliest estimated F5 that can be verified in the U.S. according to Grazulis.
(The 1953 Waco tornado is the earliest officially rated - see here.) The F5 rating is widely accepted.
Damage
Notes
Many "well built" homes were leveled and farms vanished.
Its victims (both people and cattle) were reportedly carried up to half a mile.
This is the earliest estimated F5 that can be verified in the U.S. according to Grazulis.
(The 1953 Waco tornado is the earliest officially rated - see here.) The F5 rating is widely accepted.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1881
1881
Day
June 12
Areas affected
USA
Missouri
3 miles W of Burlington Junction - 2 miles SE of Clearmont - Hopkins
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
2
Damage
?
Injuries
15
Notes
Two farms were completely swept away.
May have been an F5, though rated F4 due to some uncertainty.
Notes
Two farms were completely swept away.
May have been an F5, though rated F4 due to some uncertainty.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1881
1881
Day
June 15
Areas affected
USA
Minnesota
Renville County
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
20
Damage
?
Injuries
?
Notes
According to Grazulis
this tornado was "probably" an F5.
Severe damage occurred in Renville County where five farms were completely swept away.
Notes
According to Grazulis
this tornado was "probably" an F5.
Severe damage occurred in Renville County where five farms were completely swept away.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1882
1882
Day
June 17
Iowa
SE of Jefferson , Boone County - N of Rippey & Berkley - S of Luther - Story County - S of Rhodes, Marshall County - N of Baxter, Jasper County - Rushville - Rock Creek - Grinnell, Poweshiek County - Malcolm - Parnell, Iowa County
Areas affected
USA
SE of Jefferson , Boone County - N of Rippey & Berkley - S of Luther - Story County - S of Rhodes, Marshall County - N of Baxter, Jasper County - Rushville - Rock Creek - Grinnell, Poweshiek County - Malcolm - Parnell, Iowa County
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
65
68
68
Damage
?
Injuries
300
Notes
16 farms were blown away and the town of Grinnell was devastated
as well as the Grinnell College campus.
Debris was carried 100 mi (160 km).
Caused 68 fatalities according to Grazulis.
Notes
16 farms were blown away and the town of Grinnell was devastated
as well as the Grinnell College campus.
Debris was carried 100 mi (160 km).
Caused 68 fatalities according to Grazulis.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1883
1883
Day
August 21
Areas affected
USA
Minnesota
NW of Hayfield, Dodge County - Rochester, Olmsted County
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
37
Damage
$0.7 million
Injuries
200+
Notes
10 farms outside the town were leveled
and some homes were swept away.
A metal railroad bridge was completely destroyed.
Notes
10 farms outside the town were leveled
and some homes were swept away.
A metal railroad bridge was completely destroyed.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1884
1884
Day
April 1
Areas affected
USA
Indiana
3 miles NE of Mechanicsburg, Oakville, N of Luray
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1893
1893
Day
May 22
Areas affected
USA
Wisconsin
Willow Springs - 4 miles N of Darlington - Moscow
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1893
1893
Day
July 6
Iowa
Quimby, Cherokee County - Pomeroy
Areas affected
USA
Quimby, Cherokee County - Pomeroy
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
71
Damage
?
Injuries
200
Notes
Well-built homes were swept away in four counties with F5 damage in the town of Pomeroy.
Grass was scoured from the ground
and a metal bridge was torn from its supports.
A well pump and 40 feet (12 m) of pipe were pulled out of the ground.
Notes
Well-built homes were swept away in four counties with F5 damage in the town of Pomeroy.
Grass was scoured from the ground
and a metal bridge was torn from its supports.
A well pump and 40 feet (12 m) of pipe were pulled out of the ground.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1894
1894
Day
September 21
Iowa - Minnesota
-
3 miles N of Whittemore - Kossuth County - Lotts Creek - Plum Creek - Hancock County - Winnebago County - Kiester
Areas affected
USA
-3 miles N of Whittemore - Kossuth County - Lotts Creek - Plum Creek - Hancock County - Winnebago County - Kiester
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1895
1895
Day
May 3
Iowa
3 miles N of Ireton - Sioux County - Carmel
Areas affected
USA
3 miles N of Ireton - Sioux County - Carmel
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1896
1896
Day
May 15
Areas affected
USA
Texas
Sherman
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
73
Damage
?
Injuries
200
Notes
This was one of the most intense tornadoes of the 19th century according to Grazulis.
"Extraordinary" damage occurred to farms and 20 homes that were completely obliterated and swept away.
An iron-beam bridge was torn apart and scattered
with one of the beams deeply embedded into the ground.
Trees were reduced to debarked stumps
and grass was scoured from lawns in town as well.
Several headstones at a cemetery were shattered or thrown up to 250 yards through the air
and a trunk lid from Sherman was found 35 miles away.
Reliable reports said that numerous bodies were carried hundreds of yards
and that multiple deaths occurred in 17 different families
seven deaths were in one family alone.
Notes
This was one of the most intense tornadoes of the 19th century according to Grazulis.
"Extraordinary" damage occurred to farms and 20 homes that were completely obliterated and swept away.
An iron-beam bridge was torn apart and scattered
with one of the beams deeply embedded into the ground.
Trees were reduced to debarked stumps
and grass was scoured from lawns in town as well.
Several headstones at a cemetery were shattered or thrown up to 250 yards through the air
and a trunk lid from Sherman was found 35 miles away.
Reliable reports said that numerous bodies were carried hundreds of yards
and that multiple deaths occurred in 17 different families
seven deaths were in one family alone.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1896
1896
Day
May 17
Kansas - Nebraska
-
Clay County - Nemaha - Seneca - Oneida - Sabetha - Brown County - Reserve
Areas affected
USA
-Clay County - Nemaha - Seneca - Oneida - Sabetha - Brown County - Reserve
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
25
Damage
$0.25 million
Injuries
200
Notes
An opera house in Seneca was swept away
along with some farms.
Entire farms were reportedly swept clean of debris
leaving the areas "bare as the prairie".
Notes
An opera house in Seneca was swept away
along with some farms.
Entire farms were reportedly swept clean of debris
leaving the areas "bare as the prairie".
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1896
1896
Day
May 25
Areas affected
USA
Michigan
Ortonville – Oakwood
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
47
Damage
?
Injuries
100
Notes
Houses and farms were leveled and swept away
with debris carried up to 12 mi (19 km) away.
Trees were completely debarked
with even small twigs stripped bare in some cases.
Notes
Houses and farms were leveled and swept away
with debris carried up to 12 mi (19 km) away.
Trees were completely debarked
with even small twigs stripped bare in some cases.
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1898
1898
Day
May 18
Wuertsburg, 4 miles NE of Rib Falls, Rietbrock, Marathon County
Areas affected
USA
Wisconsin
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
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Rated F5
Day
Year
1899
1899
Day
June 12
Areas affected
USA
Wisconsin
St. Croix County – New Richmond
Highest winds
201+ mph(Damage)
Fatalities
177
Damage
$0.3-0.6 million
$7-14 million (2006)
$8.825 million (2017)
$7-14 million (2006)
$8.825 million (2017)
Injuries
125
Notes
This tornado devastated New Richmond
leveling or sweeping away many homes and businesses.
A large section of the town was reduced to nothing but scattered debris and house foundations.
The three-story
brick Nicollet Hotel was completely leveled to the ground.
Numerous trees were completely debarked and shorn of their branches.
A 3,000-pound (1,361 kg) safe was carried a full block.
Notes
This tornado devastated New Richmond
leveling or sweeping away many homes and businesses.
A large section of the town was reduced to nothing but scattered debris and house foundations.
The three-story
brick Nicollet Hotel was completely leveled to the ground.
Numerous trees were completely debarked and shorn of their branches.
A 3,000-pound (1,361 kg) safe was carried a full block.
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